How to Calculate Cost Required to Open a Position in Perpetual Futures Contracts

Traders should ensure that they have a minimum amount of funds in their wallet balance before opening a position. The cost required to open a position includes the initial margin and open losses (if any). Open losses occur when the price of a futures contract goes unfavorably (i.e. mark price is lower than the order price for a long order). Binance includes open losses as one of the costs required to open a position to avoid forced liquidation when traders place an order. If the open loss is not included as one of the costs required to open a position, there is a high probability that users’ position will get liquidated immediately once they have placed such order.

The formula to calculate the cost required to open a position is as such:

Cost = Initial Margin + Open Loss (if any)

Initial Margin

= Notional Value / Leverage

= (9,253.30 * 1 BTC) / 20

= 462.66

Open Loss

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order * (mark price - order price)]}

direction of order: 1 for long order；-1 for short order

(i) Open loss of long order

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order * (mark price - order price)]}

= 1 * Absolute Value {min[0, 1 * (9,259.84 - 9,253.30)]}

= 1 * Absolute Value {min[0, 6.54]}

= 1 * 0

= 0

There is no open loss when the user opens a long order.

(ii) Open loss of short order

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order x (mark price - order price)]}

= 1 * Absolute Value {min[0, -1 * (9,259.84 - 9,253.30)]}

= 1 * Absolute Value {min[0, -6.54]}

= 1 * 6.54

= 6.54

There is an open loss when the user opens a short order.

Since the long order has no open loss, thus the cost required to open a long position is equivalent to the initial margin.

(i) Cost required to open a long position

= 462.66 + 0

= 462.66

Short order has an open loss, thus the cost required to open a short position is higher as we need to take open loss into consideration besides the initial margin.

(ii) Cost required to open a short position

= 462.66 + 6.54

= 469.20 (rounding difference)

Long order: assuming price = ask[0] * (1 + 0.05%) , Open order: assuming price = max(bid[0], mark price)

(i) Assuming price of long order

= ask[0] * (1 + 0.05%)

=10461.77 * (1 + 0.05%)

= 10467.0009

(ii) Assuming price of short order

= max(bid[0], mark price)

= max (10461.78, 10461.78)

= 10461.78

*[0]：Level 1 price

Initial Margin = Notional Value / Leverage

(i) Initial margin of long order

= Assuming price of long order * Number of Contract / Leverage

= 10467.0009 * 0.2 / 20

= 104.670009

(ii) Initial margin of short order

= Assuming price of short order * Number of Contract / Leverage

= 10461.78 * 0.2 / 20

= 104.6178

Open Loss

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order * (mark price - order price)]}

direction of order: 1 for long order；-1 for short order

(i) Open loss of long order

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order * (mark price - order price)]}

= 0.2 * Absolute Value {min[0, 1 * (10461.78 - 10467.0009)]}

= 0.2 * Absolute Value {min[0, -5.2309]}

= 0.2 * 5.2309

= 1.04418

There is an open loss when the user opens a long order.

(ii) Open loss of short order

= Number of Contract * Absolute Value {min[0, direction of order * (mark price - order price)]}

= 0.2 * Absolute Value {min[0, -1 * (10461.78 - 10461.78)]}

= 0.2 * Absolute Value {min[0, 0]}

= 0.2 * 0

= 0

There is no open loss when the user opens a short order.

Long order has an open loss, thus the cost required to open a long position is higher as we need to take open loss into consideration besides the initial margin.

(i) Cost Required to Open a Long Position

= 104.670109 + 1.04418

= 105.71 (rounding difference)

Since the short order has no open loss, thus the cost required to open a short position is equivalent to the initial margin.

(ii) Cost Required to Open a Short Position

= 104.6178 + 0

= 104.61 (rounding difference)